Welcome to another issue of the Hello World in Every Language series. This time, we will have a look at an implementation of Hello World in R thanks to Alexandra Wörner.
Table of Contents
R Background
R is a language as well as an environment especially suited for statistical computing, data analysis and data visualisation. The first version of this GNU project was released in 1995.[1] The last major version 3.0 was reeased in 2013.
R enjoys a high popularity in academia and has a large community which both develops the language and releases new extensions. As a result, CRAN
emerged as a rich archive of packages extending the base functionality of R.
In case you are interested in more information on the history and features of R, take a look at the R project website from which this short summary originates.
Hello World in R
Fortunately, this task can be solved in a concise one-liner:
cat("Hello, World!")
You can see the string Hello, World! as the argument of the function cat. This function does all the work. If you are familiar with Bash, you may already know the cat tool which prints the content of one or several files.
Analogously, you can pass one or several strings to the cat function which prints the input to the standard output. The function allows an optional argument sep that represents the separator to use when you pass multiple strings. As a consequence, the following is an equivalent alternative to the solution above:
cat("Hello", "World!", sep=", ")
In this call, Hello and World! are glued together by placing the specified separator “, ” between the two strings, resulting in the desired output Hello, World!.
Now, we know what we need to produce the output. The next section explains how we can also see the output of our program.
How to Run the Solution
In order to run the solution we need an R compiler first. Furthermore, we need a copy of Hello World in R. From within the directory in which we saved the copy, we run the following command on the command line:
Rscript hello-world.R # Linux/Unix R.exe hello-world.R # Windows
Alternatively, you can try an online compiler if you want to save the time required for installing the R environment locally.
Sample Programs in Every Language
In addition to many other programming languages, we can now also write Hello, World! in R. How about that! Stay tuned for the this series’ next installment!
As always, you can share your thoughts below in the comments. If you liked what you read today, consider sharing it with your friends, colleagues, book club,…. We appreciate your feedback!
[1] Ross Ihaka, R : Past and Future History, 1998
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